According to the study, which surveyed 2,000 workers from 290 units, 93 per cent of workers’ ESI contributions are not deducted, 92 per cent are excluded from PF benefits, and 90 per cent are not issued salary receipts.
International experience shows that well-designed TVET systems can reduce youth unemployment, raise female labour force participation, and support economic diversification.
Analyses have flagged the potential for El Niño to push food inflation into double digits in import-dependent economies, compounding pressures on households still recovering from earlier crises.
International experience shows that well-designed TVET systems can reduce youth unemployment, raise female labour force participation, and support economic diversification.