Mining in Myanmar’s eastern borderlands has become a transboundary crisis. What was once framed as a potential engine for development now fuels armed conflict, weakens governance, and spreads toxic pollution through shared river systems into Thailand.
Opening the hearings, Judge Iwasawa Yuji, President of the Court, outlined a detailed schedule that includes two rounds of pleadings by Gambia and Myanmar, as well as closed sessions to hear testimony from witnesses called by the applicant State.
Those calling for reform are joined by civil society voices demanding international scrutiny. Some urge consumers abroad to avoid Burmese jade, pointing to its role in funding violence.
According to the junta, the NDSC will now assume all legislative, executive, and judicial powers, as permitted under Article 427(a) of the 2008 Constitution.
Since the military coup in February 2021, nearly 6,800 civilians have been killed and over 22,000 remain arbitrarily detained, he said. Humanitarian needs have soared, with nearly 22 million people in need of assistance and more than 3.5 million displaced by conflict.
The authors stress that individual knowledge alone is insufficient. Food environments – marketing, pricing, availability and access – must support healthier choices.
Aviation crews remain stationed near their hangars, radar screens remain trained on western horizons, and some 30 million residents across the capital region wait to see whether engineered clouds can offer a rare gasp of clean air.
The authors stress that individual knowledge alone is insufficient. Food environments – marketing, pricing, availability and access – must support healthier choices.