Despite the legislation, environmental activism remains a challenging endeavour in the Maldives. Ongoing court cases, including one aimed at compelling the government to enforce environmental laws, highlight the difficulties faced by activists.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of the Maldives issued a stark warning on Monday regarding the increasing harm to protected species in the archipelago, emphasizing that the capture, killing, consumption, and trade of these species and their parts are illegal under national law.
In its statement, the EPA noted a troubling trend, highlighting that harm to protected species has escalated year by year. The agency, which is legally responsible for environmental protection in the Maldives, reminded the public that various species are safeguarded under the Protected Species Regulation as part of the Environmental Protection and Conservation Act. Among those protected are five species of tortoises and turtles, the Indian Black Turtle, 207 bird species, all species of rays, and whale sharks.
“These species are crucial for maintaining the Maldives’ natural environment and are integral to the lifestyle, culture, and economy of the nation,” the EPA stated. The agency pointed out that protected species significantly contribute to the tourism sector, particularly in “nature tourism,” which remains a key attraction for visitors.
Seabirds play a vital role in the Maldivian fishing industry, while various protected marine species help sustain the country’s delicate ecosystem. However, the EPA has reported a concerning rise in harmful activities affecting these species, including inappropriate feeding and touching, vessels pursuing whale sharks, and large crowds surrounding these animals.
In response to these challenges, the government implemented new regulations last month aimed at safeguarding these vulnerable species. The EPA announced that it would take stringent action against any violators of these regulations to ensure compliance and protect the natural heritage of the Maldives.
Challenging Endeavour
Despite the legislation, environmental activism remains a challenging endeavour in the Maldives. Ongoing court cases, including one aimed at compelling the government to enforce environmental laws, highlight the difficulties faced by activists. The Maldives is particularly vulnerable to climate change, with 80 percent of its islands lying less than a meter above sea level.
The government has enacted significant environmental laws, notably the Environment Protection and Preservation Act, which mandates Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) for all development projects. However, critics argue that these assessments often serve merely as formalities, as government ministries frequently preapprove projects before EIAs are completed. This pattern raises concerns about the genuine implementation of environmental protections.
A notable case is the ongoing controversy surrounding the Gulhifalhu reclamation project. Awarded to Dutch construction company Boskalis in 2019 without a formal tender process, the project has faced criticism after an EIA revealed potential irreversible environmental damage. Despite the findings, the government proceeded with the project, prompting legal action from climate activist Humaida Abdul Gafoor.
Earlier this month, the high court granted an injunction to halt work on the project pending a final ruling, but the government quickly appealed, arguing that a suspension would lead to significant financial losses. The Supreme Court subsequently lifted the injunction, allowing construction to continue.
While the legal battle continues, it has underscored the scrutiny facing the government regarding its environmental policies. As the Maldives navigates these challenges, the call for stronger enforcement of environmental protection laws remains urgent, with activists and concerned citizens urging the government to prioritize the preservation of its rich biodiversity and natural resources.
